Высокий спрос в США и ЕС.
Потребление газа в мире в 2019 г. продолжило расти (+2,6 %), хотя и медленнее, чем в 2018 г. (рекордный год с показателем +5,1 %).
В США, которые являются крупнейшим потребителем газа, спрос в 2019 г. вырос на 3,1 %, что обусловлено снижением цен и появлением новых газовых электростанций. Рост был неравномерным: 7 % в энергетическом секторе, но без заметных изменений в коммунальном, коммерческом и промышленном секторах.
В Китае из-за замедления темпов экономического роста и смягчения политики замещения угля газом рост потребления газа снизился вдвое (+8,6 %).
Потребление выросло в ЕС (+3,1 %) благодаря восстановлению спроса в Испании, Германии и Италии, а также в добывающих странах, таких как Россия, Австралия, Иран, Алжир и Египет.
В Азии оно продолжило падение в Японии и Южной Корее из-за снижения спроса в энергетическом секторе (сокращение потребления электроэнергии и рост конкуренции со стороны АЭС и электростанций на ВИЭ).
Потребление газа осталось на прежнем уровне в Латинской Америке; небольшой спад был зафиксирован в Бразилии и Аргентине, а в Мексике наблюдался рост на 4,4 %.
New Consolidated Statistics & Estimates integrating COVID 19 impact.
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Бесплатная демо версияAccording to Solar Heat Europe, the total installed solar thermal capacity in Europe grew by 2.5% to 37 GWth in 2019. Newly installed capacity increased by 3.4% and reached almost 1.6 GWth, which is higher than the growth registered in 2018 (2.4%). The highest increase in cumulative capacity was observed in Bulgaria (+15%), Denmark and Poland (over 10% growth). At the end of 2019, the country with the largest capacity in operations was Germany (nearly 13.6 GWth), followed by Greece (3.4 GWth) and Italy (3.4 GWth). There are over 10 million solar thermal systems installed in Europe, generating a total of 26.3 TWhth. The total solar thermal energy storage capacity available amounts to 185 GWhth.
According to the German Federal Network Agency (Bundesnetzagentur), the network load decreased by 3.2% and net power generation declined by 5.2% in 2020. Conventional power generation fell by 12%, while renewable power generation rose by 4.1%. Consequently, the share of renewables in the network load increased from 46.1% in 2019 to 49.3% in 2020, with wind accounting for 27.4% and solar PV for 9.7%; the remaining 12.2% corresponded to biomass, small-hydropower and other renewables. In 2020, Germany was net electricity exporter with a total of 18.9 TWh, though net exports fell by more than 45% (exports declined by 12%, while imports grew by 39%). The average day-ahead wholesale electricity price in 2020 was €30.47/MWh, down from €37.67/MWh in 2019.
According to Eurostat, the share of renewables in gross final energy consumption at the European Union level reached 19.7% in 2019, compared with 9.6% in 2014 and only 0.3% short of the 2020 target of 20%. Sweden had by far the highest share among the EU Member States in 2019 (56.4%), followed by Finland (43.1%), Latvia (41.0%), Denmark (37.2%), and Austria (33.6%). The lowest proportions of renewables were recorded in Luxembourg (7.0%), Malta (8.5%), the Netherlands (8.8%), and Belgium (9.9%). In addition, the share of renewables in electricity consumption rose to 34.1% in 2019 in the EU; they accounted for 22.1% of total energy use for heating and cooling and for 8.9% for transport.
According to the Japanese Ministry of the Environment, Japan’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions decreased by 2.7% in the financial year 2019-2020 (April 2019-March 2020) to 1,213 MtCO2eq, their lowest level since 1990-1991. It represents a 14% decline compared to the financial year 2013. It is the sixth year in a row of decline, which is mainly driven by the increased use of renewable energies, the restart of nine nuclear reactors and a lower energy demand thanks to a warmer winter and a reduced energy consumption by industry.